타고난 9가지 기질
9 inherent different temperaments
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사진 12. 타고난 기질에 따라 다른 사람들에게 더 쉽게 접근하고 친해지는 아이들이 있습니다. 이 두 영아는 이란성 쌍둥이로 태어났고 서로 다른 타고난 기질을 가지고 태어났습니다. drleepediatrics.com
Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD, FAAP.
사진 13. 타고난 기질에 따라 변화된 환경에 더 쉽게 적응하는 아이들이 있습니다. 이 두 영아는 이란성 쌍둥이로, 서로 다른 타고난 기질을 지닌 채 태어났습니다. 바른쪽 여아는 거의 항상 웃고 오른쪽에 있는 남아는 더 심각한 표정을 짓습니다. drleepediatrics.com
Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD, FAAP.
사진 14. 타고난 기질에 따라 놀이를 더 좋아하고, 더 쾌활하며, 더 즐기는 아이들이 있습니다. 이 두 영아는 이란성 쌍둥이인데 서로 다른 기질을 가지고 태어났습니다. drleepediatrics.com
Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD, FAAP
1. 활동성 레벨 Activity level
각 아이가 타고난 때부터 가지고 있는 운동신경계와 골격계의 활동성 레벨에 따라, 각
아이가 얼마나 적극적인지, 얼마나 소극적인지 등 활동성 레벨이 결정된다.
2. 리듬 Rhythmicity/Regularity versus irregularity
시장기가 오고 가는 간격, 젖을 먹는 주기가 오고 가는 간격, 소 대변을 보는 간격이 오고 가는
간격, 잠자고 깨는 간격 등의 삶의 리듬을 결정짓는 기질을 가지고 태어난다.
3. 접근성과 위축성 Approach and withdrawal 새롭게 음식물, 장난감을 처음 접할 때, 또는 낯선 사람을 처음 접할 때 얼마나 쉽게 접근할 수
있는지, 또는 얼마나 위축성이 있는지를 결정짓는 기질을 가지고 태어난다.
4. 적응력Adaptability
새로운 환경에 얼마나 쉽게 적응 할 수 있는지 얼마나 어렵게 적응 할 수 있는지 또는 얼마나 빨리
적응 할 수 있는지 느리게 적응할 수 있는 정도를 결정짓는 기질을 적응력이라 한다.
5. 반응의 강도 Intensity of reaction:
어떤 환경에 접할 때 얼마나 강하게 또는 얼마나 약하게 반응하는지 그 강도의 정도를 결정짓는 기질.
6. 반응의 문턱 Threshold of responsiveness
반응할 수 있는 역치가 얼마나 높은지 반응할 수 없는 역치가 얼마나 낮은지 결정짓는 기질을
가지고 태어난다.
7. 기분의 질 Quality of mood/Positive mood versus negative mood
잘 놀 수 있고 명랑하고 쾌활하며 다른 사람을 잘 따르는 긍정적인 기분의 질과 칭얼대고 보채며
낯선 것을 가리는 부정적인 기분의 질을 결정짓는 기질을 가지고 태어난다.
8. 주의 산만도 Distractibility identifies
외부의 자극으로 현재 하고 있는 행동이 얼마나 많이 영향을 받는지, 적게 영향을 받는지 결정지을 수
있는 기질을 가지고 태어난다.
9. 주의력 지속 시간과 지속성 Attention span and persistence
타고난 기질에 따라 키우기가 더 쉽고 가까이 가기 쉬운 자녀들도 있고, 키우기가 어렵고
가까이 가기 어려운 자녀들도 있습니다.
Nine innate different temperaments
Photo 12. Depending on their natural temperament, some children approach others more easily and become friends more easily. These two infants were born as fraternal twins and had different natural temperaments. drleepediatrics.com
Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD, FAAP
Photo 13. Some children adapt more easily to changes in environment depending on their innate temperament. These two infants are fraternal twins, born with different temperaments. The girl on the right almost always laughs, and the boy on the right looks more serious. drleepediatrics.com
Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD, FAAP
Photo 14. Depending on their natural temperament, some children like to play more, are more cheerful, and have more fun. These two infants are fraternal twins and were born with different temperaments. drleepediatrics.com
Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD, FAAP
In 1960, Dr. Stella Chess and Dr. Alexander Thomas
Alexander Thomas) Children’s innate temperament and behavior, New York University Press
We published research results on Temperaments and Behavior Disorder in Children.
The research results are still widely used in pediatric psychotherapy.
I also really like their research.
This is a study that scientifically proved the Korean saying, “Nature is difficult to change.”
Let me introduce the study.
Their research shows that children are born with nine temperaments:
1. Activity level
Depending on the activity level of the motor nervous system and musculoskeletal system that each child is born with,
The activity level is determined by how active or passive the child is.
2. Rhythmicity/Regularity versus irregularity
The interval between hunger, the interval between breastfeeding, and the interval between defecation.
We are born with a temperament that determines the rhythm of life, such as the interval between sleeping and waking.
3. Accessibility and withdrawal Approach and withdrawal
How easily you approach new foods, toys, or strangers for the first time.
You are born with a temperament that determines whether or how withdrawn you are.
4. Adaptability
How easily or how quickly you can adapt to a new environment
The temperament that determines the ability to adapt or the extent to which one can adapt slowly is called adaptability.
5. Intensity of reaction
A temperament that determines how strongly or weakly one reacts when exposed to an environment.
6. Threshold of responsiveness
temperament that determines how high the threshold to react is and how low the threshold is to not respond.
born with
7. Quality of mood/Positive mood versus negative mood
The quality of positive mood, being able to play well, being cheerful, cheerful, and tolerant of others, as well as whining and fussiness.
We are born with a temperament that determines the negative mood quality that masks the unfamiliar.
8. Distractibility identifies
You can determine how much or how little your current behavior is influenced by external stimuli.
You are born with a certain temperament.
9. Attention span and persistence
The attention span required to sustain an activity and the extent to which it may be impaired while continuing to do that activity.
We are born with a temperament that determines the sustained attention that allows us to continue the activity when we encounter a conflict.
All children are born with the nine temperaments listed above.
It depends on the degree of innate temperament, such as accessibility, withdrawal, adaptability, intensity of reaction, and quality of mood.
It can determine whether it is easier or more difficult to raise and care for your children.
Children who are more reactive from birth will have greater changes in emotional intensity and are more likely to be withdrawn.
The more there are, the more difficult it is to withstand new changes.
The more negative the quality of your mood, the more likely you are to feel tense, more easily victimized, and more likely to feel pressured by parents or other people.
You may receive less love from now on.
Likewise, the degree of innate temperament varies from birth to each child.
Parents should analyze and find out as early as possible the level of the nine temperaments their children are born with, and
It is very important to raise children appropriately according to their natural temperament.
Depending on their natural temperament, some children are easier to raise and approach, while others are more difficult to raise.
Some children are difficult to approach.
Depending on their natural temperament, some children are more loving, and others are less loving.
Parents of children who are naturally easy to raise and approach are more active in raising their children.
If you nurture them, they will grow up healthier. Children who are difficult to raise and difficult to approach will not grow up as healthy when their parents are more passive in raising them. However, no matter which of the nine innate temperaments they have, whether it is easy or difficult to raise them, if you provide them with a better environment and more unconditional true love, train them with love, and raise them well, they can grow into productive and healthy members of society. When raising children, knowing the nine innate temperaments, as well as the 25th- and 75th-percentile personalities, will be more helpful. We will explain the 25th- and 75th-percentile personalities next.