9 inherent different temperaments 9가지 타고난 기질 – Dr. John Sangwon Lee's Pediatric Updates

9 inherent different temperaments

9가지 타고난 기질

9 inherent different temperaments

In 1960, Dr. Stella Chess and Dr. Alexander Thomas published their research on Temperaments and Behavior Disorder in Children at the New York University Press.

The research is still widely used in pediatric psychiatry.

I love their research too.

It is a study that scientifically proves the Korean word “natural nature is difficult to repair (天性亂改 천성 난개)”.

Let me introduce more of that study.

Their research shows that children are born with the following nine temperaments:

1. Activity level

The level of activity, such as how active or passive each child is, is determined according to the level of activity of the motor nervous system and musculoskeletal system that each child has from birth.

2. Rhythmicity/regularity versus irregularity

They are born with the temperament that determines the rhythm of life, such as the interval between the hungry and eating, the interval between each breastfeeding, the interval between bowel movement and urination, the interval between sleeping and waking.

3. Approach and withdrawal

They are born with a temperament that determines how easily accessible or atrophic they are and when they first encounter a new food, the toy, or approach a stranger for the first time.

4. Adaptability

Adaptability is the temperament that determines how easily a child can adapt to a new environment, how hard he can adapt, or how fast he can adapt or the degree to which he can adapt slowly.

5. Intensity of reaction

The temperament determines the degree of intensity of how strongly or weakly reacts to an environment.

6. Threshold of responsiveness

They are born with a temperament that determines how high the threshold to react and how low the threshold to not react.

7. Quality of mood/positive mood versus negative mood

They are born with a temperament that determines the quality of a positive mood that can play well, cheerful, and follows others well, and a negative quality of mood that cries out and hides strangers.

8. Distractability identifies

They are born with a temperament that can determine how much or less your current behavior is affected by external stimuli.

9. Attention span and persistence

They are born with a temperament that determines the duration of attention they are able to do one activity continuously and the persistence attention and they can continue to do when they encounter a disability while continuing the activity.

All children are born with these nine temperaments from birth.

The level of innate temperaments, such as accessibility, atrophy, adaptability, the intensity of reaction, and quality of mood, can determine whether it is easier or more difficult to raise and care for the child.

Children with stronger responses from birth will have a greater change in emotional intensity, and the more atrophy, the more difficult it is to tolerate new changes.

The more negative the quality of their mood, the easier it is to be nervous, more easily avoided, and less loved by their parents or others.

In this way, each child has a different degree of innate temperament from birth.

It is very important for parents to analyze and find out the degree of their children’s 9 natural temperaments as early as possible and to properly raise their children according to their natural temperament.

Depending on your natural temperament, some children are easier to raise and more accessible, while others are difficult to raise and more difficult to reach.

Depending on their natural temperament, some children love more and others loveless.

Parents of children who are easy to raise naturally and who are more accessible will grow better healthy if parents are more actively raising their children.

Parents of children who are difficult to raise and difficult to reach will not grow up soundly when parents are more passively raising them.

However, no matter what the 9 natural temperaments are, whether it is easy or difficult to raise them, if you give them more of a better environment and more true unconditional love, train them with love, and nurture them well, they can grow into productive and healthy members of our society.

Knowing the 9 natural temperaments you have when raising your children, and in addition to your children’s temperament, there are a 25 percentile personality and a 75 percentile personality, actually the range of 1 percentile personality to 100 percentile personality. If parents know children’s personalities well, they will help to raise their children even more.

I will explain the 25 percentile personality and the 75 percentile personality in following chapter.

Photo 12. Depending on their natural temperament, there are children who are more accessible and more easily acquainted with others. These two infants were born as fraternal twins and have different innate temperaments. Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP

Photo 13. Some children adapt more easily to changing environments according to their natural temperament. These two infants are fraternal twins and are born with different natural temperaments. The left girl almost always smiles a lot and the boy on the right makes a more serious look. Copyright © 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP

Photo 14. Depending on their natural temperament, some children like to play more, play more cheerfully, and enjoy more. These two infants are fraternal twins and are born with different temperaments. Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP7.

Children should not be raised with harmful love and wrong love. Do not give harmful love and wrong love to your children

Unfortunately, many parents give possessive love to their children without knowing it,

and also love the seductive role, role reversal love, and carious love.

Possessive love, seductive love, role reversal love, and carious love are called false love.

In fact, this kind of child love is an extremely harmful method of love in parent-child relationships.

Still, many parents love and nurture their children in that way.

Parents take away all their children’s rights just as they own their children, and they raise them as if they were owned by their parents. This love is called possessive love.

To love a child in this way is false love. Children who are raised with such love have a lot of trouble getting through the harsh world.

Even after they reach adulthood, children are tied to their parents so that they can’t go anywhere on their own or make decisions on their own when they do anything, so that they can always hang on to their parents. How poor parent-child relationship is.

We say possessive love, but possessive love is in fact not even belong to love.

Children raised by just possessive love can be the following types of adults.

I also saw examples of parents bringing their 26-year-old children to the United States, leaving them at relatives in the United States, asking them to feed them well and educate them, and then return to Korea. These examples are examples of heritages that grow up with possessive love.

There is also a sexually tempting way to love your children. That too is false love. Parents raise their children by sexually seducing them.

The truth is one kind of child abuse, not love.

Role reversal love land nurturing is a false love that is harmful to children.

Parents should be in a position to love their children so that they grow up with sound pride. Parents should not be in a position to be loved by their inexperienced children directly or indirectly.

Unknowingly, there are parents who raise their children with possessive love, seductive love, and role reversal love. Parents think they love their children right, but in fact, such love is false love.

It is a method of love that is extremely harmful to growing and developing children.

Even after children have grown up with this wrong love, they cannot have a full happy life and can become the main reason why they cannot live a healthy social life.

Some parents do not directly or indirectly give their 30-year-old son or daughter the right to seek a partner to marry.

There are also parents who don’t even give them the right to choose a job. Some parents have all the power to make decisions for the well-being and peace of their children who reached adulthood a long time ago.

It is an example of possessive love to have a parent-child relationship by commanding this to do this and that to do that, and to guide the adult child according to the parents’ thoughts and claims.

Some parents deprive their children of economic power if their children aged 30 to 40 do not comply with their parents’ words. You must truly love your children without condition. And parents cannot own children.

9가지 타고난 기질

1960년, 스텔라 체스 박사와 알렉산더 토마스 박사는 뉴욕대학교 출판부에서 아동의 기질과 행동장애에 대한 연구 결과를 발표했습니다.
이 연구는 소아정신의학 분야에서 여전히 널리 활용되고 있습니다.
저 또한 이 연구를 매우 좋아합니다.
이 연구는 “천성은 고치기 어렵다(天性亂改天性仙)”라는 한국어 속담을 과학적으로 증명한 연구입니다.
이 연구에 대해 좀 더 자세히 소개하겠습니다.
이 연구에 따르면 아이들은 다음과 같은 9가지 기질을 가지고 태어납니다.
1. 활동 수준
아이가 얼마나 활동적인지, 혹은 수동적인지는 태어날 때부터 가지고 있는 운동신경계와 근골격계의 활동 수준에 따라 결정됩니다.

2. 규칙성/리듬 vs. 불규칙성
아이들은 배고픔과 식사 사이의 간격, 수유 간격, 배변과 배뇨 간격, 수면과 기상 사이의 간격과 같은 삶의 리듬을 결정하는 기질을 가지고 태어납니다.

3. 접근 및 회피
아이들은 얼마나 쉽게 다가갈 수 있는지 또는 회피하는지, 그리고 새로운 음식, 장난감을 처음 접하거나 낯선 사람에게 처음 다가가는 시기를 결정하는 기질을 가지고 태어납니다.

4. 적응력
적응력은 아이가 새로운 환경에 얼마나 쉽게, 얼마나 어렵게, 얼마나 빨리, 또는 얼마나 천천히 적응할 수 있는지를 결정하는 기질입니다.

5. 반응 강도:
기질은 환경에 얼마나 강하게 또는 약하게 반응하는지를 결정합니다.

6. 반응 역치
아이들은 얼마나 높은 반응 역치와 얼마나 낮은 반응하지 않는지를 결정하는 기질을 가지고 태어납니다. 7. 기분의 질/긍정적 기분 대 부정적 기분
아이들은 긍정적인 기분(잘 놀고, 명랑하고, 남을 잘 따르는 성향)과 부정적인 기분(낯선 사람을 보고 울고 숨는 성향)을 나타내는 기질을 가지고 태어납니다.

8. 주의 산만도
아이들은 외부 자극에 얼마나 쉽게 또는 덜 영향을 받는지를 결정하는 기질을 가지고 태어납니다.

9. 주의 집중 시간과 지속성
아이들은 한 가지 활동에 얼마나 오랫동안 집중할 수 있는지, 그리고 활동 중에 어려움에 직면하더라도 얼마나 오랫동안 집중력을 유지할 수 있는지를 결정하는 기질을 가지고 태어납니다.

모든 아이는 태어날 때부터 이러한 아홉 가지 기질을 가지고 있습니다.
접근성, 위축, 적응력, 반응 강도, 기분의 질과 같은 선천적인 기질의 정도는 아이를 키우고 돌보는 것이 얼마나 쉽거나 어려운지를 결정할 수 있습니다.

선천적으로 감정 반응이 강한 아이는 감정 변화의 폭이 크고, 감정이 둔화될수록 새로운 변화에 적응하는 데 어려움을 겪습니다.
기분이 부정적일수록 쉽게 불안해하고, 남들에게 쉽게 외면당하며, 부모나 다른 사람들로부터 사랑을 덜 받습니다.
이처럼 아이마다 타고난 기질의 정도가 다릅니다.
부모는 가능한 한 빨리 자녀의 9가지 기질의 정도를 파악하고, 그에 맞춰 적절하게 양육하는 것이 매우 중요합니다.
타고난 기질에 따라 어떤 아이는 키우기 쉽고 부모의 관심을 잘 받는 반면, 어떤 아이는 키우기 어렵고 부모의 마음을 얻기 힘듭니다.
또한 타고난 기질에 따라 어떤 아이는 사랑을 많이 표현하고, 어떤 아이는 사랑을 적게 표현합니다.
선천적으로 키우기 쉽고 부모의 관심을 잘 받는 아이의 부모는 자녀 양육에 적극적으로 참여할수록 더 건강하게 성장할 수 있습니다.
반대로 키우기 어렵고 부모의 관심을 잘 받지 못하는 아이의 부모는 소극적으로 양육할 경우 건강하게 성장하기 어렵습니다.

하지만 9가지 타고난 기질이 무엇이든, 키우기 쉽든 어렵든, 더 나은 환경과 진정한 무조건적인 사랑을 주고, 사랑으로 교육하고, 잘 양육한다면 아이들은 우리 사회의 생산적이고 건강한 구성원으로 성장할 수 있습니다.
자녀를 키울 때 자신의 9가지 타고난 기질을 아는 것은 물론, 자녀의 기질 외에도 25% 백분위수 성격과 75% 백분위수 성격, 즉 1% 백분위수부터 100% 백분위수까지의 범위를 이해하는 것이 중요합니다. 부모가 자녀의 성격을 잘 알면 자녀를 더욱 효과적으로 양육할 수 있습니다.
다음 장에서는 25% 백분위수 성격과 75% 백분위수 성격에 대해 자세히 설명하겠습니다.

사진 12. 타고난 기질에 따라, 타인에게 더 쉽게 다가가고 더 빨리 친숙해지는 아이들이 있습니다. 이 두 영아는 이란성 쌍둥이로 태어났으며, 서로 다른 선천적 기질을 가지고 있습니다. Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP
사진 13. 어떤 아이들은 타고난 기질에 따라 변화하는 환경에 더 쉽게 적응하기도 합니다. 이 두 영아는 이란성 쌍둥이이며, 서로 다른 선천적 기질을 가지고 태어났습니다. 왼쪽에 있는 여자아이는 거의 항상 환하게 웃는 반면, 오른쪽에 있는 남자아이는 다소 진지한 표정을 짓고 있습니다. Copyright © 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP

사진 14. 타고난 기질에 따라, 어떤 아이들은 놀이를 더 좋아하고, 더 활기차게 놀며, 놀이 자체를 더 즐기기도 합니다. 이 두 영아는 이란성 쌍둥이이며, 서로 다른 기질을 가지고 태어났습니다. Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP
7. 아이들을 해로운 사랑이나 잘못된 사랑으로 키워서는 안 됩니다. 자녀에게 해롭거나 잘못된 사랑을 주지 마십시오.
안타깝게도 많은 부모가 자신도 모르는 사이에 자녀에게 ‘소유적 사랑’을 베풀고 있으며,
또한 ‘유혹적 사랑’, ‘역할 전도적 사랑’, 그리고 ‘충치 같은 사랑’을 하기도 합니다.
소유적 사랑, 유혹적 사랑, 역할 전도적 사랑, 그리고 충치 같은 사랑은 모두 ‘가짜 사랑’이라 불립니다.
사실, 이러한 방식의 자녀 사랑은 부모-자녀 관계에 있어 지극히 해로운 사랑의 방식입니다.
그럼에도 불구하고 많은 부모가 여전히 그런 방식으로 자녀를 사랑하고 양육하고 있습니다.
부모는 마치 자녀를 자신의 소유물인 양 자녀의 모든 권리를 박탈하고, 자녀가 부모에게 종속된 존재인 것처럼 키웁니다. 이러한 사랑을 바로 ‘소유적 사랑’이라 합니다.
자녀를 이런 식으로 사랑하는 것은 가짜 사랑입니다. 이러한 사랑 속에서 자란 아이들은 험난한 세상을 헤쳐 나가는 데 있어 수많은 어려움을 겪게 됩니다.
성인이 된 후에도 이 아이들은 부모에게 묶여 있어, 스스로 어디론가 떠나지도 못하고, 무슨 일을 하든 스스로 결정을 내리지 못하며, 언제나 부모에게 의존하게 됩니다. 참으로 안타까운 부모-자녀 관계가 아닐 수 없습니다. 우리는 흔히 ‘소유적 사랑’이라 말하지만, 사실 소유적 사랑은 진정한 사랑의 범주에조차 속하지 않습니다.
오직 소유적 사랑만을 받으며 자란 아이들은 훗날 다음과 같은 유형의 어른으로 성장할 수 있습니다.
저는 부모가 스물여섯 살 된 자녀를 데리고 미국으로 건너가, 현지의 친척 집에 맡기며 잘 먹이고 교육해 달라고 부탁한 뒤 자신들은 한국으로 돌아와 버리는 사례들을 목격한 적이 있습니다. 이러한 사례들은 바로 소유적 사랑 속에서 자라난 이들이 보여주는 전형적인 모습입니다.
또한 자녀를 사랑한다는 명목으로 성적으로 유혹하는 듯한 태도를 취하는 방식도 있습니다. 이 역시 거짓된 사랑입니다. 부모가 자녀를 성적으로 유혹하는 방식으로 양육하는 것입니다.
엄밀히 말해 이는 사랑이 아니라 일종의 아동학대에 해당합니다.
부모와 자녀의 역할이 뒤바뀐 채 이루어지는 사랑과 양육 또한 자녀에게 해로운 거짓된 사랑입니다.
부모는 자녀가 건전한 자존감을 지닌 어른으로 성장할 수 있도록, 자녀에게 사랑을 베푸는 위치에 서야 합니다. 부모가 경험이 일천한 자녀로부터 직간접적으로 사랑을 받으려 하는 위치에 서서는 결코 안 됩니다.
자신들도 모르는 사이에 소유적 사랑, 유혹적 사랑, 그리고 역할 전도적 사랑으로 자녀를 키우고 있는 부모들이 의외로 많습니다. 부모는 자신이 자녀를 올바르게 사랑하고 있다고 착각하지만, 사실 그러한 사랑은 거짓된 사랑일 뿐입니다.
이는 성장과 발달 과정에 있는 자녀들에게 지극히 해로운 사랑 방식입니다.
이렇듯 잘못된 사랑 속에서 자라난 자녀들은 성인이 된 후에도 온전하고 행복한 삶을 영위하지 못하며, 건강한 사회생활을 하지 못하게 되는 결정적인 원인을 안고 살아가게 될 수도 있습니다.
어떤 부모들은 서른 살이 넘은 아들딸에게 배우자를 찾고 결혼할 권리조차 직간접적으로 허용하지 않기도 합니다.
심지어 자녀가 직업을 선택할 권리마저 주지 않는 부모들도 있습니다. 자녀가 이미 오래 전에 성인이 되었음에도 불구하고, 그 자녀의 안녕과 평화를 위한다는 명목으로 모든 의사결정권을 독점하고 휘두르는 부모들이 있는 것입니다.
“이것은 이렇게 하고, 저것은 저렇게 하라”고 일일이 명령하며, 성인이 된 자녀의 삶을 오직 부모 자신의 생각과 주장에 맞춰 통제하고 이끌려 하는 부모-자녀 관계야말로 소유적 사랑의 대표적인 사례입니다.
어떤 부모들은 서른에서 마흔 살에 이른 자녀가 자신의 말을 따르지 않을 경우, 자녀의 경제적 자립 기반이나 재정권을 박탈해 버리기도 합니다. 부모는 자녀에게 어떠한 조건도 달지 않고 진심으로 사랑해야 합니다. 그리고 부모는 자녀를 소유할 수 있는 존재가 아닙니다.

9 inherent different temperaments

9가지 타고난 기질

9 inherent different temperaments

In 1960, Dr. Stella Chess and Dr. Alexander Thomas published their research on Temperaments and Behavior Disorder in Children at the New York University Press.

The research is still widely used in pediatric psychiatry.

I love their research too.

It is a study that scientifically proves the Korean word “natural nature is difficult to repair (天性 亂改 천성 난개)”.

Let me introduce more of that study.

Their research shows that children are born with the following nine temperaments:

1. Activity level

The level of activity, such as how active or passive each child is, is determined according to the level of activity of the motor nervous system and musculoskeletal system that each child has from birth.

2. Rhythmicity/regularity versus irregularity

They are born with the temperament that determines the rhythm of life, such as the interval between the hungry and eating, the interval between each breastfeeding, the interval between bowel movement and urination, the interval between sleeping and waking.

3. Approach and withdrawal

They are born with a temperament that determines how easily accessible or atrophic they are and when they first encounter a new food, the toy, or approach a stranger for the first time.

4. Adaptability

Adaptability is the temperament that determines how easily a child can adapt to a new environment, how hard he can adapt, or how fast he can adapt or the degree to which he can adapt slowly.

5. Intensity of reaction

The temperament determines the degree of intensity of how strongly or weakly reacts to an environment.

6. Threshold of responsiveness

They are born with a temperament that determines how high the threshold to react and how low the threshold to not react.

7. Quality of mood/positive mood versus negative mood

They are born with a temperament that determines the quality of a positive mood that can play well, cheerful, and follows others well, and a negative quality of mood that cries out and hides strangers.

8. Distractability identifies

They are born with a temperament that can determine how much or less your current behavior is affected by external stimuli.

9. Attention span and persistence

They are born with a temperament that determines the duration of attention they are able to do one activity continuously and the persistence attention and they can continue to do when they encounter a disability while continuing the activity.

All children are born with these nine temperaments from birth.

The level of innate temperaments, such as accessibility, atrophy, adaptability, the intensity of reaction, and quality of mood, can determine whether it is easier or more difficult to raise and care for the child.

Children with stronger responses from birth will have a greater change in emotional intensity, and the more atrophy, the more difficult it is to tolerate new changes.

The more negative the quality of their mood, the easier it is to be nervous, more easily avoided, and less loved by their parents or others.

In this way, each child has a different degree of innate temperament from birth.

It is very important for parents to analyze and find out the degree of their children’s 9 natural temperaments as early as possible and to properly raise their children according to their natural temperament.

Depending on your natural temperament, some children are easier to raise and more accessible, while others are difficult to raise and more difficult to reach.

Depending on their natural temperament, some children love more and others loveless.

Parents of children who are easy to raise naturally and who are more accessible will grow better healthy if parents are more actively raising their children.

Parents of children who are difficult to raise and difficult to reach will not grow up soundly when parents are more passively raising them.

However, no matter what the 9 natural temperaments are, whether it is easy or difficult to raise them, if you give them more of a better environment and more true unconditional love, train them with love, and nurture them well, they can grow into productive and healthy members of our society.

I will explain the 25 percentile personality and the 75 percentile personality in following chapter.

Photo 12. Depending on their natural temperament, there are children who are more accessible and more easily acquainted with others. These two infants were born as fraternal twins and have different innate temperaments. Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP

Photo 14. Depending on their natural temperament, some children like to play more, play more cheerfully, and enjoy more. These two infants are fraternal twins and are born with different temperaments. Copyright ⓒ 2012 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP7.

Children should not be raised with harmful love and wrong love. Do not give harmful love and wrong love to your children

Unfortunately, many parents give possessive love to their children without knowing it,

and also love the seductive role, role reversal love, and carious love.

Possessive love, seductive love, role reversal love, and carious love are called false love.

In fact, this kind of child love is an extremely harmful method of love in parent-child relationships.

Still, many parents love and nurture their children in that way.

Parents take away all their children’s rights just as they own their children, and they raise them as if they were owned by their parents. This love is called possessive love.

To love a child in this way is false love. Children who are raised with such love have a lot of trouble getting through the harsh world.

Even after they reach adulthood, children are tied to their parents so that they can’t go anywhere on their own or make decisions on their own when they do anything, so that they can always hang on to their parents. How poor parent-child relationship is.

We say possessive love, but possessive love is in fact not even belong to love.

Children raised by just possessive love can be the following types of adults.

I also saw examples of parents bringing their 26-year-old children to the United States, leaving them at relatives in the United States, asking them to feed them well and educate them, and then return to Korea. These examples are examples of heritages that grow up with possessive love.

There is also a sexually tempting way to love your children. That too is false love. Parents raise their children by sexually seducing them.

The truth is one kind of child abuse, not love.

Role reversal love land nurturing is a false love that is harmful to children.

Parents should be in a position to love their children so that they grow up with sound pride. Parents should not be in a position to be loved by their inexperienced children directly or indirectly.

Unknowingly, there are parents who raise their children with possessive love, seductive love, and role reversal love. Parents think they love their children right, but in fact, such love is false love.

It is a method of love that is extremely harmful to growing and developing children.

Even after children have grown up with this wrong love, they cannot have a full happy life and can become the main reason why they cannot live a healthy social life.

Some parents do not directly or indirectly give their 30-year-old son or daughter the right to seek a partner to marry.

There are also parents who don’t even give them the right to choose a job. Some parents have all the power to make decisions for the well-being and peace of their children who reached adulthood a long time ago.

It is an example of possessive love to have a parent-child relationship by commanding this to do this and that to do that, and to guide the adult child according to the parents’ thoughts and claims.

Some parents deprive their children of economic power if their children aged 30 to 40 do not comply with their parents’ words. You must truly love your children without condition. And parents cannot own children.

It is a study that scientifically proves the Korean word “natural nature is difficult to repair (天性亂改 천성 난개)”.