There Are No Bad Kids: An Antiracist Approach to Oppositional Defiant Disorder
나쁜 아이는 없다: 반항적 반항 장애에 대한 반인종주의적 접근 방식
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a childhood disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorder characterized by anger or irritability, argumentativeness or defiance, and vindictiveness (Table 1).1 Black, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native children—hereafter referred to as racially minoritized children—are more likely to be diagnosed with ODD than white children.2–4 One recent large-scale analysis found that the diagnosis of ODD is 35% more prevalent in Black people than in white people.5 These disparities worsen in juvenile detention and child welfare settings, where racially minoritized youth are overrepresented.6,7