12 가지 뇌신경 12 cranial nerves

Your cranial nerves play a role in relaying sensory and/or movement (motor) information.

Sensory nerves can help you:

• Feel touch and sense pain and temperature.
• Hear.
• See.
• Smell.
• Taste.

Motor nerves play a role in controlling specific muscles. Some cranial nerves have both sensory and motor functions.

Your 12 cranial nerves each have a specific function. Healthcare providers categorize the cranial nerves based on number and function:

• Olfactory nerve (CN I): Providing the sense of smell.
• Optic nerve (CN II): Providing vision.
• Oculomotor nerve (CN III): Opening and moving your eyes and adjusting pupil width.
• Trochlear nerve (CN IV): Looking down and moving your eyes toward your nose or away from it.
• Trigeminal nerve (CN V): Provides sensations in your eyes, most of your face, and inside your mouth. It also allows you to chew food.
• Abducens nerve (CN VI): Moving your eyes from left to right.
• Facial nerve (CN VII): Controls several facial muscles to make facial expressions and provides the sense of taste in part of your tongue.
• Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII): Providing the sense of hearing and balance.
• Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX): Provides taste sensations to part of your tongue and controls muscles for swallowing. It also has parasympathetic nerve fibers that play a role in blood pressure regulation and saliva (spit) production.
• Vagus nerve (CN X): Regulates several automatic bodily processes, including your digestion, blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, mood, saliva production, and more. It’s the main nerve of your parasympathetic nervous system.
• Accessory nerve or spinal accessory nerve (CN XI): Controls shoulder and neck movement.
• Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII): Controlling tongue movement, which plays a role in speaking, eating and swallowing.