Teenage pregnancy
십대 임신
Definition and current situation of teenage pregnancy
Teenagers refer to children and young adults belonging to the age group between the ages of 13 and 19 years-old. The pregnancy of teenage children can be called teenage pregnancy.
In 1982, 1 million teenage girls aged 15-19 years-old in the United States were pregnant.
Of those, 500,000 gave birth, and the remaining 500,000 were either spontaneous, artificial, or aborted.
It is reported that 750,000 adolescent girls aged 15-19 years-old have unwanted pregnancies each year (Source; recent Aesthetics Association).
When teenage girls actively engage in sexual intercourse without contraception, 90% of them are pregnant per year (according to Pediatric News, July 2007).
By the time they graduated from high school, 74% of US teens aged 15-19 years-old had sex at least once or twice a week, and 36% of them continued to have sex while in high school.
Also, according to recent statistics, the pregnancy rate of teenage children in the US is decreasing little by little every year. So, the pregnancy rate of teenage children decreased by 20% compared to 10 years ago. According to a 2010 study, the U.S. teen pregnancy rate is on the rise again.
Teenage pregnancies and fertility rates posed a number of serious problems not only for teenage children themselves, but also for their parents, families, society, and the country, and have become a serious social cancer that cannot be corrected.
Unfortunately, this phenomenon is similar not only in the United States but also in countries around the world.
The teenagers themselves, their parents, the nation and society are all shouting that they should give them a minimum of unwanted teenage pregnancy.
To achieve this goal, we look at the reasons and motives for why so many teenagers become pregnant.
Photo 3-237. Teenage pregnancy can negatively affect not only the person, but also the teenage girl, the sex partner of the teenage pregnant girl, their family, their society, and the country. Source-Psychiatry Education’s Run, Destroying Lives P. 19
The following information is a recent study on teenage pregnancy in the Obstetrics and Gynecology of Inje Medical University in Korea
청소년 임신
십대 임신
청소년 임신의 정의 및 현황
청소년은 13세에서 19세 사이의 아동 및 청소년을 말합니다.
이 연령대의 임신을 청소년 임신이라고 합니다.
1982년 미국에서는 15세에서 19세 사이의 청소년 소녀 100만 명이 임신했습니다.
이 중 50만 명은 출산했고, 나머지 50만 명은 자연 임신, 인공 임신 또는 낙태를 경험했습니다.
매년 15세에서 19세 사이의 청소년 소녀 75만 명이 원치 않는 임신을 경험하는 것으로 보고되고 있습니다(출처: 최근 미용학회).
청소년 소녀가 피임 없이 성관계를 가질 경우, 매년 90%가 임신합니다(소아과 뉴스, 2007년 7월).
고등학교를 졸업할 무렵, 15~19세 미국 청소년의 74%가 일주일에 최소 한두 번 성관계를 경험했으며, 그중 36%는 고등학교 재학 중에도 성관계를 지속했습니다.
또한 최근 통계에 따르면 미국의 십대 임신율은 매년 조금씩 감소하고 있습니다. 10년 전과 비교하면 20% 감소한 수치입니다. 하지만 2010년 연구에 따르면 미국의 십대 임신율은 다시 증가 추세에 있습니다.
십대 임신과 출산율은 청소년 본인뿐만 아니라 부모, 가족, 사회, 그리고 국가 전체에 심각한 문제를 야기하며, 해결하기 어려운 사회적 병폐로 자리 잡았습니다.
안타깝게도 이러한 현상은 미국뿐만 아니라 전 세계 여러 나라에서 나타나고 있습니다.
청소년 본인, 부모, 그리고 국가와 사회 모두 원치 않는 십대 임신을 최소화해야 한다고 외치고 있습니다.
이 목표를 달성하기 위해 우리는 많은 십대들이 임신하게 되는 이유와 동기를 살펴봅니다.
사진 3-237. 십대 임신은 당사자뿐 아니라 임신한 소녀, 성관계 상대방, 가족, 사회, 그리고 국가에도 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다. 출처: 정신의학교육, ‘삶을 파괴하는 질주’ 19페이지
다음 정보는 한국 인제 의과대학 산부인과에서 실시한 십대 임신에 관한 최근 연구 결과입니다.
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· The average age group of the teenage pregnancy rate was 19 years old, accounting for 52.8% of the total.
· The menarche age of teenage girls with teenage pregnancy was 13-18 years old and the average menarche age was 15.0 years. The average menarche age of the control group was 14.7 years.
· In the past pregnancy history, the first childbirth was 35 (66%) in the first pregnancy.
· Of the 16 teenage girls who had one pregnancy experience, three had full-term childbirth, and one had a cesarean section.
· There were experiences in 2 cases with 3rd pregnancies. One case had an initial artificial abortion in all three times.
· The average gestational weeks were 40 weeks 2 days, and 40 weeks 4 days of the control group.
· Delivery of preterm infants under 37 weeks was higher in the teenage pregnant group.
Reasons and motivations for a teenage pregnancy
Figure 3-238. Source-National Vital Stats Reports. 2003;51:1-20
Nowadays Popular media such as newspapers, magazines, movies, TV, the Internet, and the iPhone are just dealing with sex topics indiscriminately without limitation. Therefore, it is the current situation that anyone, regardless of age, can easily access information about sex.
Through the internet, not only adults but also teens are simply exposed to sex information on the sex internet, such as Sex.com, without limitation, or it can lead to a method of finding a sex partner through various chat methods.
It is no exaggeration to say that today’s teens are completely exposed to various sexual problems.
Today, many adults view sex as if it were indiscriminately open. Also, as some new science has developed, the term “sex culture” confuses teenage children who are growing and developing.
There is no “culture” in sex.
The sex is privacy.
The “sex culture” that adults claim to be infiltrating into teenage children’s minds, and body without knowing it.
For this reason, teens sometimes become sexually aroused without their knowledge, and they are not even aware of their inappropriate sexual behavior.
Recently, in this society, we do not know what is right and what is wrong in the right ethical and moral standards. Many teenagers are confused as to whether or not ethical morals are needed in their lives. It is also ambiguous about the correct values of sex. In particular, most teens seem to be confused about premarital sex or pregnancy ideas.
Some of the teenage children misunderstand that sex is open, take no responsibility for sex, and have uncontrolled sex.
Rarely, this is happening in some adults as well.
Nowadays teenagers are learning and imitating the methods of sex problems experienced by leaders and other older generations such as world-renowned politicians such as US senators, US presidents, and state governors.
However most people say that it is best to solve premarital sexual desire with abstinence, but in fact, it is not easy to solve sexual desire only with abstinence.
In particular, in most advanced countries in the modern era, the basic essential conditions of human beings, such as shelters, food, clothing, and health, have been resolved, and teenage children exposed to a rich daily lifestyle, maintaining optimal health, and they are exposed to modern “sex culture” and then they are involved having sex with love. There are many teenagers who don’t think it’s strange and that it is the right life.
Moreover, it is easy to obtain, easy to use, and can be contracepted with various contraceptive methods and contraceptives that have excellent contraceptive effects, and after thinking that you will not be pregnant, teenagers will have unrestrained sex if they decide to do so. Accordingly, the teenage pregnancy rate continues to increase.
As children entering puberty grow and develop rapidly, the physique of teenage children becomes similar to or stronger than that of adults in just a few years.
However, there are still many similarities to those of young children in their mental and emotional aspects.
They are physically as big as adults, but in fact, they are still children grown.
Since teenage children’s self-determination is still as inexperienced as children, they often do not have responsibility for their sexual relations.
So sometimes they don’t even think about the fact that problems with childbirth and children having babies can arise for them.
The average age of menarche of US adolescent girls is 12.8 to 13.2 years old.
Some girls begin puberty at the early age of 8 years old and menarche at the age of 10 years old.
The menarche of most adolescent girls is at least 10 to 16 years old.
Puberty comes early and some of the physically precocious teenage children begin their sexual life early in puberty.
They still are mentally children and physically childhood.
Most of their sexual knowledge is inadequate and improper, and they don’t know what sexual values and their gender notions are immature.
They don’t know how to use perfect contraception.
Moreover, most of them grow up without being able to receive unconditional true love from their parents.
For one reason or another, teenage children inadvertently become pregnant.
Some teens who have been incest or sexually abused,
There are many teenage children who grew up without real unconditional love from their parents and without proper discipline, guidance, or control, and teenage children of parents with ambiguous ideas about premarital sex,
Teens who start dating at a young age
• 십대 임신의 평균 연령대는 19세로 전체의 52.8%를 차지했습니다.
• 십대 임신을 경험한 소녀들의 초경 연령은 13~18세였으며, 평균 초경 연령은 15.0세였습니다. 대조군의 평균 초경 연령은 14.7세였습니다.
• 과거 임신 경험 중 첫 출산은 35명(66%)이었습니다.
• 한 번의 임신 경험이 있는 십대 소녀 16명 중 3명은 만삭 출산을 했고, 1명은 제왕절개를 했습니다.
• 세 번째 임신을 경험한 경우는 2건이었습니다. 이 중 1건은 세 번 모두 인공유산을 경험했습니다.
• 평균 임신 주수는 40주 2일이었고, 대조군은 40주 4일이었다.
37주 미만의 조산아 출산율은 십대 임신 그룹에서 더 높았다.
십대 임신의 원인 및 동기
그림 3-238. 출처: 국가 생명 통계 보고서. 2003;51:1-20
오늘날 신문, 잡지, 영화, TV, 인터넷, 아이폰과 같은 대중 매체는 성적인 주제를 무분별하게 다루고 있다. 따라서 나이에 상관없이 누구나 성에 대한 정보를 쉽게 접할 수 있는 시대이다.
인터넷을 통해 성인뿐만 아니라 십대 청소년들도 Sex.com과 같은 성인 웹사이트에서 성적인 정보에 무분별하게 노출되거나, 다양한 채팅 방식을 통해 성 파트너를 찾는 데 이용될 수 있다.
오늘날 십대들이 다양한 성적인 문제에 완전히 노출되어 있다고 해도 과언이 아닙니다.
오늘날 많은 어른들은 성을 마치 아무렇지도 않게 개방된 것처럼 생각합니다. 또한, 최근 과학의 발전과 함께 등장한 “성문화”라는 용어는 성장하고 발달하는 십대들에게 혼란을 야기합니다.
성에는 “문화”라는 것이 없습니다.
성은 사적인 영역입니다.
어른들이 주장하는 “성문화”는 자신도 모르게 십대들의 마음과 몸에 스며들고 있습니다.
이러한 이유로 십대들은 때때로 자신도 모르게 성적으로 흥분하게 되고, 부적절한 성적 행동을 하고 있다는 사실조차 인지하지 못합니다.
최근 우리 사회는 무엇이 옳고 그른지, 올바른 윤리적, 도덕적 기준이 무엇인지 제대로 알지 못합니다. 많은 십대들은 윤리적 도덕이 삶에 필요한지조차 혼란스러워합니다. 성에 대한 올바른 가치관에 대해서도 모호한 생각을 가지고 있습니다. 특히, 혼전 성관계나 임신에 대한 생각에 많은 십대들이 혼란스러워하는 것 같습니다.
일부 십대 청소년들은 성에 대해 개방적인 것으로 오해하고, 성에 대한 책임을 회피하며, 무분별한 성생활을 합니다.
드물지만, 이러한 현상은 일부 성인들에게서도 나타납니다.
오늘날 십대들은 미국 상원의원, 대통령, 주지사 등 세계적으로 유명한 정치인들을 비롯한 기성세대의 성 문제 해결 방식을 배우고 모방하는 경향이 있습니다.
대부분의 사람들은 혼전 성욕을 금욕으로 해결하는 것이 최선이라고 말하지만, 사실 금욕만으로 성욕을 완전히 없애는 것은 쉽지 않습니다.
특히 현대 선진국에서는 주거, 식량, 의복, 건강 등 인간의 기본적인 필수 조건이 충족되었고, 십대 청소년들은 풍요로운 일상생활과 최적의 건강 상태에 노출되면서 현대의 “성문화”에 자연스럽게 빠져들게 됩니다. 이로 인해 많은 십대들이 성생활을 이상하게 여기지 않고 오히려 그것이 옳은 삶의 방식이라고 생각하게 됩니다.
게다가, 쉽게 구할 수 있고, 사용하기도 간편하며, 다양한 피임법과 피임 효과가 뛰어난 피임약을 이용하면 임신하지 않을 거라는 생각에 십대들은 거리낌 없이 성관계를 갖습니다. 그 결과, 십대 임신율은 계속해서 증가하고 있습니다.
사춘기에 접어든 아이들은 빠르게 성장하고 발달하여 불과 몇 년 만에 신체가 어른과 비슷하거나 더 강해집니다.
하지만 정신적, 감정적인 면에서는 여전히 어린아이와 비슷한 점이 많습니다.
신체적으로는 어른만큼 크지만, 사실은 아직 성장한 아이입니다.
십대들은 자기 결정권이 아직 어린아이처럼 미숙하기 때문에 성관계에 대한 책임감을 갖지 못하는 경우가 많습니다.
그래서 출산이나 아이를 갖는 것과 같은 문제가 자신에게 발생할 수 있다는 사실조차 생각하지 못하는 경우도 있습니다.
미국 십대 소녀들의 평균 초경 연령은 12.8세에서 13.2세입니다.
일부 소녀들은 8세라는 이른 나이에 사춘기가 시작되고 10세에 초경을 경험하기도 합니다.
대부분의 사춘기 소녀들은 최소 10세에서 16세 사이에 초경을 합니다.
사춘기가 일찍 찾아오고, 신체적으로 조숙한 일부 십대 소녀들은 사춘기 초기에 성생활을 시작하기도 합니다.
이들은 정신적으로나 신체적으로도 아직 어린아이와 같습니다.
이들의 성 지식은 대부분 부족하고 부적절하며, 성적 가치관이 무엇인지 모르고 성 정체성 또한 미성숙합니다.
이들은 적절한 성행위를 하는 방법을 알지 못합니다.
· Teenage children who are not good at studying or hard at school,
· Teenage children with a vague hope in the future,
· Teenage children who grow up without adequate financial and emotional support from parents or family members,
· Anxious and depressed teens are more prone to premarital sex and consequently lead to teenage pregnancy.
· Even teens who don’t, sometimes have sex as an experience.
· In general, teenage children who study hard in school and live a strong religious life have much less premarital sex and less teenage pregnancy.
Problems and complications of pregnancy in teenage children
· When teenage girls become pregnant, they are more prone to pregnancy complications, such as toxemia, gestational hypertension, and anemia, and more.
· Also, because they are not fully grown physically and mentally, they have a more cesarean section instead of natural delivery.
· Premature babies, low-birth-weight babies, and deformed babies are more likely to be delivered.
· Newborns and infants born to teenage girls are more susceptible to various diseases, resulting in higher mortality rates for newborns and infants, and even when their children are older, they may suffer from cognitive and behavioral disorders, psycho-emotional problems, poor school learning, and social problems.
· During pregnancy, teenage girls are more dissatisfied with school, home, and society, and are more likely to drop out of school without properly transferring school courses due to poor grades and financial problems.
· In addition, there are many times when parents of teens cannot properly raise children born of an unplanned pregnancy. So, most of the teenage parents are more inclined to emotionally and economically dependent on society and the state to raise their children, leaving them for life.
· Some of the teenagers tend to not properly plan family planning and contraception after delivery, so they can get pregnant again soon. They get pregnant frequently, making their lives uncomfortable in many ways, and they tend to live unhealthily.
· In addition, most teenage fathers who have a child born after having sex with teenage girls are not able to fulfill their father’s role in economic, educational, emotional, and other aspects.
· Some of the teenage fathers are often associated with alcoholism, drug addiction, depression, and criminal activity.
· So they can’t maintain a comfortable, stable, and smooth home
· Problems can also arise at work, and more often, most of the teenage fathers run into financial problems.
· However, some of the teenage parents do not depend entirely on their own parents, society, or the state, but marry and then have a good marital relationship, have a comfortable family, and raise their children well.
· According to US statistics, 57% of teen pregnancies have an artificial abortion, 29% deliver full-term pregnancy, and 14% have a spontaneous abortion. (Source-Pediatric News, July 2007).
· If teenage girls are diagnosed as pregnant, do not hesitate to help ensure regular pregnancy health checkups during pregnancy, do not take any type of drugs without a doctor’s prescription, do not consume alcohol, do not smoke, and to make sure to be in safe and healthy for pregnant women or for a growing baby. To make sure your pregnancy to be full-term and deliver a healthy full-term baby.
· Most of the teenage children whose pregnancy ends as a result of a natural or artificial abortion which causes suffer mentally and physically for their whole life.
· Most of the teenage children who did not have children due to deliberately planned family plan such as contraception and then they deliver children who
· continue to live with more problems in terms of education and economy throughout their lives.
· Also, unfortunately, teenagers who are unable to raise their children have problems with raising their own children, adopting them as adopted children, or having to be raised by someone in their family.
· It is a general study finding that teaching teens to stop having sex and to abstain from sexual intercourse has little effect.
· It is much more appropriate to prevent pregnancy by contraception than to have sex education not to become pregnant because of abstinence.
· Why teenagers are actively engaged in sexual intercourse should be investigated through an expert.
· It is necessary to provide formal pediatric sex education appropriate for the age and ability of children at home, school, or church.
· Sometimes it’s good to ask your regular pediatrician about this sex education.
· Abstinence, responsible sex, premarital sex and its consequences, birth control, and sexually transmitted diseases prevention methods, etc., should be proactively provided to teenage children to prevent unwanted and unplanned teenage pregnancy.
· It is said that the rate of teenage pregnancy does not significantly decrease, even if the teenage children are well trained in regular childhood sex education.
· There are many ways to keep your teen from getting pregnant. However, there is no single way for parents to take responsibility and to keep their teenage children from becoming pregnant.
· Nevertheless, the best way to minimize teenage pregnancy is for parents to truly love their teens unconditionally, train them well with love, have parents and teens communicate smoothly, and treat teens with trust.
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